John Buchan (1875–1940) was the director of British Intelligence in the last two years of World War i and a novelist, too. His novel, Greenmantle (1916), examined the decaying stages of the Ottoman empire with a specific focus on radical Islamic movements. Greenmantle reveals Buchan’s Western elitist views and the continuation of his imperialist conviction...Read More

The inevitable event comes to pass … as enticed by the vanity of the Great States. It was thought that their politicians due to their shrewdness were able to hold down the fire in the stove so that its evil will not extend to its neighboring places. Europe that is filled with gunpowder and dynamite...Read More

The purpose of Sharīfian propaganda during the war was first and foremost to gain Muslim, Arab and British recognition of the Hashimite family as rightful heirs to the Islamic Caliphate in place of the Ottoman family. To do this, Sharīf Husayn ibn ʿAli had to control as much Arab territory as possible, since a Caliph...Read More

In the following I am sending a few notes on the German survey of Damascus. The copy I am sending, from which the accompanying plan is taken, was torn down on the last day of the German occupation, from the wall of a German official’s room, and with his permission. Those who knew Damascus before...Read More