According to some researchers (Hopkins, 2004a; Hopkins & Smith, 2008), there is a perception among certain Muslims that anti-Muslim racism is higher in areas where there is a high density of Muslim residents, such as Glasgow. In contrast, other Muslims may feel thatIslamophobia is higher in places with fewer numbers of Muslim residents. Through an...Read More

Since the 9/11 bombings in New York, and the 7/7 bombings in London,Muslims’ integration in the UK has been under intense scrutiny. Muslimintegration, however, has long been a matter of debate in Britain, revolvingaround the maintenance of Muslims’ distinctive identity and practice. Forinstance, David Cameron (Cameron, 2011), Britain’s then Prime Minister,announced at the Munich Security...Read More

Islamophobia is defined as a closed-minded hatred, fear or prejudicetoward Islam and Muslims that result in discrimination, marginalization,and oppression. This phenomenon was strengthened after September 11marked a watershed in the history of America. In the wake of 9/11,Islamophobia was promulgated in a plethora of textual and visualnarratives, including novel. This paper studies Islamophobia in GregHrbek’s...Read More

Islam has been under intensive ongoing crusade for centuries. It has been made into what might be called the cause of all the problems and ills that afflict the world. Every Westerner with a political axe to grind is being given centre stage to pontificate on Islam. Western political leaders have also adopted an apocalyptic...Read More