An assumption is often made that there is a link between extremism and the study of some classical Islamic texts. This article examines that claim by exploring the influence of classical Islamic texts on the extreme behaviour of Muslim students. Analysing the journals of twelve American Muslim students, wherein they recorded their responses to selected...Read More

The advent of Islam resulted in an extraordinary revolution in human history because of the new intellectual ideology that transformed the way of thinking that was prevalent in 7th-century pre-Islamic Arabian society. This sociocognitive transformation occurred because the ‘aşabiyyah concept was abolished and replaced with a sense of brotherhood based on shared creedal bonds. The...Read More

Religion and politics have always been entangled in Afghanistan. However, the relationship between ‘asabiyah (group feeling) and these two factors has not been analysed. The research described in this paper investigated the different levels of entanglement between religion, politics and ‘asabiyah throughout the modern history of Afghanistan. This article argues that successful leaders throughout Afghanistan’s...Read More

This paper examines the ground between historical reality and Western imagination  regarding  the  Balkans  by  focusing  on  Balkan  identity  as conflicted  between  East  and  West,  and  explores  the  extent  to  which Balkan scholarship as ‘Orientalised ’the region, where upon the Balkan nation-states began to disassociate themselves from the Balkan label to appear more ‘European.’ The...Read More