John Esposito and John Voll narrate in their Makers of Contemporary Islam a brief story: “An old Christian acquaintance of al-Faruqi once commented that al-Faruqi believed that Islam was in need of reformation and, he believed, al-Faruqi aspired to be its Luther.”1 Even though this was a sincere assessment, Esposito and Voll speculate that al-Faruqi...Read More

With the expansion of Muslim territory in the ninth century, non-Muslim communities’ reactions to the denials of the prophethood of Muhammad created an impact on the development of Islamic prophetology. Vigorous refutations from non-Muslim community, specifically the Jews, Christians and Brahmins urged Muslims to develop a solid mechanism in defence of the status of their...Read More

Malaysia is a country that is rich for the diversity of its people. This diversity can be seen from the aspect of faith, ethnicity, language, culture, and so on. In facing a society that is pluralistic in nature, several initiatives have been taken by the government and non-government bodies in ensuring understanding and unity among...Read More

Religious people may feel confident that they have something that nonreligious people lack, namely, direct experience of God. They may claim that such religious experience, like visions of God, is a way of knowing God’s existence. This claim has been examined by some scholars and philosophers in the field of philosophy of religion. The purpose...Read More