Al-Qur’an: The book that consists entirely of the words claimed by the Prophet to be the words of God as revealed to him. (When we just say The Prophet, we mean The Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him.) The Qur’an comes to us through multiple independent sources and its entire text is fully and rigorously authenticated. All Muslims, and most orientalists, agree on the text of the Qur’an. The Qur’an is the undisputed primary source of Islamic teachings and Guidance. Hadith: The word Hadith means news, story, communication, conversation, report. In the Islamic religious context, it means an individual report of an action, instruction or saying, of the Prophet, or his approval, disapproval, or silence (tacit approval) regarding some matter or action. By its very nature, the reliability of Hadith reports is dependant on the understanding by the reporter of the context and of the words and their applicability. Regardless of the complexity, however, Hadith is the second primary source of Islamic guidance. Sunnah: is the word used for the normative teachings of the Prophet, as shown by his practice as a Prophet, or his specific instructions and guidance on an issue or a situation. One finds the Sunnah through the study and analysis of the Hadith literature.
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