The landscape of the Indonesian public sphere—amidst the rise of new media—has opened both opportunities and threats dealing with Islamic teaching. Thiscondition shapes a danger for the two largest of moderate Muslim Organisations(Muhammadiyah and Nahdatul Ulama/NU), in which they do not engage muchof the development of the digital platform. Consequently, dealing with religiousissues, they become...Read More

This article argues that similar to the centrality of the concept of sovereignty in Western social, legal, and political paradigms, at the core of Sunni legal and political history there is a paradigmatic authority of Ulu Al Amr (those in authority or the legal scholars who possess a legal mastery over the sources that constitute...Read More

This paper examines the concept of Al-Wala‟ wal Bara‟ (herein known as WB) in the Salafi-Wahhabi ideology or Wahhabism (Arabic: Wahhabiyyah). It aims to show that the Salafi concept of WB has its roots in Wahhabism and highlight the main factors that have contributed to the development of the concept in Wahhabism in the modern...Read More

scholarship. Despite the contributions of a range of academic authorities overthe past two centuries, stretching back to the publication of Lt. Graham’s 1819essay, “A Treatise on Sufism, or Mahomedan Mysticism,” followed by the firstmajor European study of the subject two years later by the young Friedrich A.Tholuck, Ssufismus, sive Theosophia Persarum Pantheistica (Sufism, or thePantheistic...Read More