The tribal conflict paradigm traces the roots of tribal conflict in the ancient history of the Arabs where the northern Arabs of Qays and Southern Arabs of Yemen were the competing forces. The modern scholars illustrate their theory by explaining the historic tribal rivalries revealed in the chronicles especially in the history of al-abar. These tribal conflicts played a central role in the decline of the Umayyad. The early Umayyad rulers successfully maintained the tribal balance and used their power to strengthen the rule. …
Source: Journal of Islamic Studies and Culture
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