The rise of Islam from the 7th to the 12th centuries is an extraordinary event in the history of the world. A small, tribes of desert warriors conquered and converted a large portion of the Roman empire in a few hundred years. It is still diffi cult to explain how this came about. Part of it was fortuitous. They arose when the Roman world was in decline and they were able to sweep from Arabia to conquer the Byzantine world and more. They marched east to India and made inroads into China, eastward to Indonesia, and West to absorbing all of North Africa, penetrating deep in the continent, plus strong incursions into Europe conquering, Sicily, Iberia, and reaching southern France.
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